![]() ![]() Alison did however remind us that if we suspect a urethral obstruction but find we can still pass a urinary catheter, this by no means excludes urinary tract obstruction from our list of differentials, as catheters can sometimes by pass the offending obstacle.įinding a small or normal bladder on physical examination points towards a true incontinence which is most commonly caused by one of two conditions, USMI or ectopic ureters. For example, if a patient has been found to have a large bladder which is difficult to express, then overflow incontinence is a more likely reason for urine leakage and is possibly secondary to a partial obstruction or an underlying neurological condition. Physical examinations can also prove useful in differentiating between true incontinence and other causes of urine leakage. Also a young Golden retriever presenting with true incontinence is much more likely to have ectopic ureters whereas an older Doberman is more likely to be suffering from urethral sphincter mechanism incontinence (USMI). For example a dog with true incontinence is likely to produce puddles of urine in sleeping areas whereas a dog with overflow incontinence caused by a partial obstruction is likely to continually drip urine. ![]() The use of a patient’s signalment and history can play a really important role in differentiating between true incontinence and other forms of incontinence, as well as differentiating between the actual causes of true incontinence. Differentiating between true incontinence and other conditions such as UTI or partial urinary tract obstructions can be the biggest challenge, and Alison delivered a logical and practice relevant approach on how to achieve this and then go on to manage these conditions as effectively as possible. Dogs did however feature predominantly as this is a condition rarely seen in our feline friends. RCVS and European Specialist in Small Animal Surgery, Alison Moores, led last week’s Platinum Members webinar discussing all aspects of diagnosing and managing urinary incontinence in our small animal patients.
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